The effects of insulin and glucose on different characteristics of a UPEC: Alterations in growth rate and expression levels of some virulence genes

Abstract

Background: Host factors are known to modulate virulence, antibiotic susceptibility, and growth rate of bacteria. The effect of human insulin and glucose on growth rate and expression of virulence genes (usp, sfa/foc, cnfl) of a uropathogenic E. coli (UPE